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Elements Of Negotiation - The Price

Not all negotiation involves money. You can use your negotiating skills to get the kids to clean the house, after all. Of course, most negotiation outside of the house will have a money element to it, and gathering relevant information about this is crucial to doing your best.

Try to get an idea about why the price is where it is. If you are the one selling, you already have that information, of course. In that case, have enough information ready to present to the other side to justify your pricing. on the other hand. if you are on the buying end, find out how the seller arrived at his price.

Often there are several elements in a large deal that determine the asking price. For example, I once offered an investor a small rental I owned for two different prices. I offered him one price, and the another that was 15% higher. He took the higher price.

Elements Of Negotiation - The Price

Why would he take the higher price? Because the first was for cash. Taking the second option, he bought the property from me with virtually no money down (,000) on terms that allowed him to have cash flow from day one. I knew he wanted to conserve his cash, and I wanted both the higher price and the high interest I charged him.

The point is to be sure you look at all the factors that go into valuing something, whether it's real estate or a contract for cooking oil. Altering these factors can alter the price dramatically. Learn what you can about anything that might affect price.

If you were to buy a new car, for example, you might want to use one of the online services like Consumer Reports' website, in order to know what the dealer is actually paying for the car. You would also want to see what the dealer cost is for the options. With information like this, you can more effectively negotiate the lowest price, without going so low that they can't say yes (they still need to make a profit).

Effective negotiation doesn't mean always trying for the lowest price possible. If you are contracting with a cleaning service to clean your buildings every week, you may want a decent price, but you want quality work too. In fact, you may want to think about the motivation level and trustworthiness of a vendor that is being chronically underpaid by your company.

Research the numbers, and understand what they mean. It is one of the keys to good negotiation.

Elements Of Negotiation - The Price
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Copyright Steve Gillman. For more on Powerful Negotiation Skills, and other useful insider information, visit: http://www.99reports.com/negotiation-skills.html

How Does Owner Financing Really Work?

Owner financing, occurs when the seller of a home finances all or a portion the sale of his or her own property. This is often referred to in real estate ads as "Owner Will Carry" or similar wording, meaning that the owner of the property will, in effect, act as a bank and loan the purchaser all or part of the money needed to purchase the owner's property.

There can be several advantages to the seller for carrying a note, as it is also known. There can be tax advantages in spreading out the time over which an owner receives the money from the sale of a property. Also, many owners simply like the idea that they can receive a monthly income from a property even after they have sold it - and no longer have to worry about repairing leaky roofs or replacing dead water heaters.

There is a nice monetary inducement to the owner to carry paper as well - the owner can charge the buyer interest on the money that the owner is lending to the buyer. In this way not only does the owner collect a monthly mortgage payment on the property he or she has sold, but the owner collects interest as well, in effect increasing the owner's overall sales price of the property.

How Does Owner Financing Really Work?

In order to protect themselves, some homeowners require that the buyer make their monthly payments into an escrow account held by a bank or other lending institution, and they require the borrower to place a Quit Claim Deed into the escrow account with instructions that if a payment is late by a certain number of days then the escrow officer will automatically file the Quit Claim Deed, restoring the house to the former owner instantly.

If this were to happen the buyer would not only lose title to the property but would also lose any and all payments already made on the property. This is a powerful incentive for the buyer to make all payments in a timely manner.

A more pragmatic reason, perhaps, why some homeowners agree to carry a note is to increase the universe of potential purchasers for their property. The way this works is easy to understand. If the homeowner is making a portion of the loan on the property then the borrower will need to qualify for a smaller loan from a bank or other financial institution, meaning that a larger number of people will be able to qualify for any bank loan that might be required to purchase the property. If the seller finances the entire selling price of the property then buyers do not need to qualify for a bank or other financial institution loan at all. This can greatly increase the number of people who are interested in buying a piece of property.

For starters if the owner is financing all of a sale then a borrower does not have to qualify for a loan at a traditional financial institution. Even if the seller only finances a portion of the loan the borrower benefits by having to qualify for a smaller loan from a traditional mortgage source.

Additionally, when a seller finances a property there are no points or closing costs for the buyer to pay, saving the buyer potentially several thousand dollars on the transaction. And while the seller of the property may charge the same interest rate that a bank or other financial institution would charge, it is sometimes possible for a buyer to actually end up paying a slightly lower interest rate if the seller finances the sale since more aspects of the sale are open to negotiation than may be possible when dealing with a traditional lender.

Many factors can influence whether the seller of a property is willing to carry all or a portion of the sales price on a piece of property. In many cases, however, the determining factor is the overall condition of the market itself.

When homes become difficult to sell - when it is a buyer's market, in other words - then sellers are more inclined to do whatever is necessary to increase their chances of a sales and so owner financing is more readily available.

Conversely, when homes are selling quickly and it is a seller's market, then sellers have little incentive to carry back a mortgage.

So your chances of finding an owner willing to carry back a mortgage are largely dependent on the current housing market. But regardless of prevailing market conditions, it never hurts to ask if an owner is willing to carry paper.

How Does Owner Financing Really Work?
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Critical Negotiation Skills For Dealing With Complex Negotiations

Do you find yourself in a position where it is difficult for you to make sense of all the issues & interests of the many parties that are involved in a negotiation?

This is a common challenge. Much has been written about how to deal with complex negotiation situations - unfortunately most of it is generically focused and does not address the needs of business negotiators.

The field of business-to-business negotiation can be very complex indeed, and without a navigational tool to assist you in managing this complexity, you could miss opportunities and cost yourself and your organisation dearly.

Critical Negotiation Skills For Dealing With Complex Negotiations

The key to unlocking optimal value from your complex negotiation situations is for you to identify and understand the interests of all the parties impacted by or participating in the negotiation. In some cases, it can be easy for you to understand both the positions & interests of stakeholders in the negotiation. In most cases, however, it is not only difficult for you to identify the interests of stakeholders; it is also difficult for you to identify all the stakeholders.

What then are the most critical strategies and skills you need to successfully deal with complex, multi-party negotiations?

1. Identify all the stakeholders in the negotiation.

This may be stating the obvious but in practice, it can be difficult for you to spot and track all the stakeholders in a negotiation. In a business environment, you should at minimum try to identify the following stakeholders:

a. The financial stakeholders

These are the individuals or groups that will finance, underwrite or lend authorisation to conclude an agreement based on the financial terms proposed. It is key that you identify all potential individuals that may have an interest in the financial aspects of the negotiation.

b. The user/consumer stakeholders

These are the individuals or groups that will implement and support the outcome of the agreement that is reached. Typically these are the stakeholders that will live and work with the outcome of the negotiations on a day to day basis.

c. The technical & legal stakeholders

These are the individuals or groups that will sign off and approve the technical and contractual dimensions of the negotiations.

d. Guides/Gurus & other Influences

These are the individuals or groups that hold significant influence over the decision makers involved in the negotiation.

2. Identify the interests of each stakeholder in the negotiation

There are basically two ways for you to identify an individual or group's interest in a negotiation. The first way is to put yourself in that individual or group's position and to try and see things from his/her/their perspective. What supporting data would you require? What precedents would apply? What assumptions can you make, and test?

The second way is to ask the individual or group a series of questions to help you (and them) to accurately identify their key interests. The best question to ask is "Why?" "Why is this negotiation important to you? Why are you assuming this position? Why is this option being explored?"

3. Create a frame that is appropriate for each stakeholder.

Once you have identified the interests of each stakeholder, you should now create the appropriate frame. Different people take decisions for different reasons. It is not appropriate to highlight the same points to support decision making to all stakeholders. You should focus on communicating the most appropriate frame to each stakeholder or potential stakeholder.

A decision, or part of a decision, can be significantly impacted by the frame that you create for the stakeholder.

4. Create an effective management structure for the negotiation

It is of critical importance to think about how you will manage the various stakeholders in the negotiation. In complex transactions, you will need various resources to support the negotiations. It is critical that you identify a clear role for each participant and that you create an environment within which you present your counterparts with a consistent message.

If your counterparties experiences you and your team to be rational, the odds are greatly enhanced that they will also respond to you in a rational fashion.

You can only present a unified and rational 'front' if you have considered the roles & responsibilities within your negotiation team.

Split the focus in the team between those that will manage the relationship aspects, and those that will manage or be involved in the task related activities. Remember to create an agenda that addresses the interests of all potential stakeholders.

A successful way for you to simplify complex negotiations is to add structure.

You need to focus on the process elements to ensure that you make progress at every level of the negotiation. You will find that complexity can be more easily managed with the use of an appropriate supporting structure.

Critical Negotiation Skills For Dealing With Complex Negotiations
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Customer Service Cover Letter Sample

The customer service cover letter sample below shows the principles of good cover letter writing. It is longer than the conservative standard. The sender begins by saying which job she is applying for. She also pays a few compliments to the company. In the second and third she highlights her skills and accomplishments. The last paragraph of the customer service over letter sample sets the stage for an interview.

Customer Service Cover Letter Sample

Dear Mr. Smith,

Customer Service Cover Letter Sample

May this letter find you well. I read in your web site that you are in need of a customer service representative. I have been in this field for six years and presently am employed with ____ in its sales department. Having heard of your recent acquisition of ____, I see that yours is a fast-growing company with a bright future; I would be happy to render my skills at your service.

My warm, friendly and charming personality helped win the loyalty of our clients. I am proud to say that since I started working for my current employer, the number of returning customers has doubled!

Besides customer care, I also worked as public relations officer for the Office of the Mayor. Attending to people and listening to their concerns so that we may work out a solution is natural to me. My experiences have taught me that for any business or organization to thrive, it must always maintain an open and active line of communication with its patrons. It is the task of customer service representatives like me to secure this for you.

For your reference, I have attached my resume which details my work history, training and seminars, and awards. But I think I would be able to tell you more about my qualifications in an interview. Please do not hesitate to call me so that we may schedule a meeting.

Thank you for your consideration.

Yours sincerely,

Jane Henry

Customer Service Cover Letter Sample
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Bachelor Degree - BA Vs. BS

There are a lot of people who wonder why some bachelor degrees, when you get them, designate you as a bachelor of arts and other bachelor degrees designate you as a bachelor of science. Well, the answer is very simple.

A Bachelor of Arts degree goes to somebody who gets a bachelor degree in any non-technical, or science related field. A Bachelor of Science degree goes to somebody who does get a degree in a science related field. The designations are set up by the colleges themselves.

So, what's the difference? Does it really matter?

Bachelor Degree - BA Vs. BS

The answer to that question may shock you. It matters very much.

The reasons will not be immediately apparent to the student, but when he or she goes into the real world to get a job, they are going to be in for a rude awakening if they're looking for a specific type of job and don't have a bachelor of science degree.

If you're scratching your head wondering why this even matters, the answer is as follows. Most Bachelor of Science programs are a little more intense than a Bachelor of Arts program. In other words, in addition to the degree having to be in a science related field, the degree itself will contain more required courses than a Bachelor of Arts degree. Of course this varies from college to college, but within each school the bachelor of science program is always more intense than the bachelor of arts program. There may be one more required course per semester, or more science courses required. The bottom line translation is, the program is harder to get through; in some cases, a lot harder.

So why does this matter? Well, there are certain jobs, such as in the fields of engineering, chemistry and physics, just to name a few, where if you look in the classified ads in your local paper, it will clearly say, "bachelor of science degree required". So if you graduated college with a bachelor of arts degree, you won't be able to apply for that job. Oh, you can still send in your resumé, but don't expect to be called in for an interview.

Now, here is where this becomes very important. There are some colleges that will allow you to get a Bachelor of Arts degree in math, which is technically one of the sciences. The program doesn't have as many requirements. So when you graduate, while you technically have a degree in one of the sciences, because of the fact that you don't have a bachelor of science degree, you will not be eligible for that particular job that says "bachelor of science degree required".

It may seem like a nit picky thing, but these companies want to know that you can get through the tougher curriculum. They want to know that you have a good chance of being able to handle the job that you're applying for. Is there a really big difference between a bachelor of arts and bachelor of science degree? In an undergraduate program, probably not too much. But in the minds of the companies, where there is so much competition for jobs, it is a big deal.

Bachelor Degree - BA Vs. BS
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Importance of Career Planning

Career means profession, which we want to adopt for earning livelihood, and planning means proper flow or to make proper decisions.

Pre- planning in our life plays very important role in every aspect of life, to work in a proper flow, and pre-planning for career, which we want to pursue in our future ahead after acquiring certain level of degree is also very necessary in today's competitive world.

According to the Thorndike dictionary

Importance of Career Planning

"A goal that you desire to achieve in a selected field or occupation with a well-thought out plan, to get you there is called Career Planning."

The world is now moving very fast, and the time has come when this meritocratic society accepts only those, having right qualification and right skills.
Olden days are gone, when just a degree would help an individual to get high profile job by giving bribe or using some other mean. Now it's high time, when the transparency in job recruitment has taken place.

Challenges and competition are the part of today's society, and therefore, Career Planning is the only task, which can guide us to do what we want to do in our life, rather than just aimlessly changing job all the time in future.

We have seen many Pakistani, who after completing Intermediate don't know where to go, what to do and we have also seen graduates, who aimlessly do graduation without any specialization. As a result, they earns just in 6-8 figures.

Career Planning is one of the broader aspects of learning in our existence. We all have some intentions and we all think to have stability in our future lives, and for that purpose, CAREER PLANNING serves as a key to success.

Career Planning makes a person to think suitably about their positive and negative aspects. All about their interest, about their creativity becomes possible through proper analyzing ourselves.

Career Planning basically starts, when a person finishes Secondary/ Higher Secondary level of education. After that level, a person could opt for that educational degree, which would help them out to have a good job opportunity according to their skills at the right time.

Career Planning helps us to design and formulate our future smoothly. Like, If a person wants to be a banker, then he or she would choose to go for ACCA or CA or MBA in finance after completing Intermediate in commerce and Graduation in commerce/ business administration.. Else he/ she would go for CAT course or Masters in Commerce or even upto doctorate level.

This pre-planning would be effective and would give him/her benefits after achieving educational targets effectively. It also helps us to evaluate our own personality, which helps us to know that which kind of job would suit us according to our need and capabilities.

In short, Career Planning is like mapping our future. Without proper planning, no one could think of getting a desired job in future.

Think what we want to do and finding out more about the kind of training, education, and skills we will need to achieve our career goal is the core objective of career planning.
It help us knowing the nature of the jobs that interest us, such as educational requirements, salary, working conditions, fringe benefits, promotion chances, future prospectus, and help us focusing in the right dimension.

Career planning directs us, motivates us, and helps us to accomplish what we want. A career goal is a specific vision such as an architect or a teacher or a career goal can be a particular field, which we want to work in, such as Media, Education, Medicine, Engineering etc.

For those who will think about their future and career after completing education without any long term desired goals are the one, whose all attempt might end in smoke.
There are some cases and situation, which bound a person to pre-plan in advance, such like family high family business status, lack of interest in studies or traditional job, low motivation, low financial status etc or some past educational traumas, which had made a person to plan after wards.

Career planning is a life time process we are always learning and growing, and as we do, our interests and needs also change. Career planning is not just making plans to obtain our career, but it also help us to make many adjustments there will be along the ways we learn throughout our lives.

Those who have successful careers like educators, business man, manager, pilot, architect, banker, doctor etc are the one, who has made their ways through proper guidance.

No doubt, that our parents have some wishes and expectations from us, but we have our own too. Therefore, we should also consider others opinion. For that we could take guidance from an educational counselor to get better guidance towards new dimensional fields as well. Teacher, professionals, career guidance websites, Head educational consultants can also guide us, to have a better approach for our future.

We must have freedom of speaking and freedom of choosing our career as we have to lead our lives which interest us. We must try to have an open mind in order to choose the right career on right time.

According to one renowned professor,

"Few of us like to opt for those degree courses, which their family or friend has advised them to adopt and this inappropriate knowledge trapped them into a great mistake and
In this way, they are unable to get good job opportunities according to their interests. Only Proper Career Guidance would help an individual to be on the right path before hand. Few of us try to seek the right path and take guidance from family or teacher to tell them what is good for them, which career is in demand and which career suits their interest."

The future is un-predictable, however, we could still make our place in this meritocratic world by making career goals and plans in advance, for getting better opportunities in today's pluralistic and globalize world.

We must pre-plan our goals under the supervision of professionals in conscious state of mind, so that we could strategically maintain our goals and follow it towards the path of successful future.

Importance of Career Planning
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Munir Moosa Sewani is one of the famous, prominent and creative name in the field of Education since 8 years. He is a Master Trainer In Special Education, Post Graduate, Teacher Educator and a Teacher. He is a Freelance Writer and Photographer too. He is an author of the famous self-published storybook for children named as "The MORAL STORIES FOR CHILDREN" and has also written Biology course book for Secondary Classes. He has written almost more than 20 articles on social, health, educational and cultural issues, which are internationally recognized and published in most of the famous world wide websites, magazines and newspapers.

He is also a Social worker, private tutor, career counselor, musician, lyrics writer and have multi- dimensional talents.

His future plan is to write dozens of informative books and articles and to work for education and media also, in order to develop the sense of understanding many dimensions of life through his creativity.

How to Buy and Sell Things For Profit - Seven Ways

There are basically seven ways to buy and sell things for profit.

If you make a living you already buy and sell things. You can buy and sell services which is called work, or you can buy and sell property. Most of us are better at buying than we are selling. By that I mean we manage to buy more in dollars than we make. It doesn't have to be that way.

If we learn to buy well, then we can not only get more with the money we have, but we can make a very good living buying and selling. If we buy right, the property will almost sell itself. We intuitively know the seven ways to buy and sell things, but it helps to have a clear vision in your mind in order to develop the skill to buy better and sell better.

How to Buy and Sell Things For Profit - Seven Ways

Many people made fortunes in the last decade buying and selling real estate. These seven ways to buy and sell property are very familiar to the real estate flippers, but the same basic ways can be used for buying and selling any type of property. eBay is bigger than Donald Trump.

1. Buy Low, Sell High

The first and simplest way to make money buying and selling is to find an item in demand, negotiate a low price, buy it, and then sell it for a higher price. In addition to good negotiation skills, you have to develop a good eye to make this work. You also have to be careful your expenses during the acquisition process don't eat up any potential profit.

With this method, you want to buy only excellent quality items that are ready to sell as is. You'll want to find a motivated seller-one who wants to get rid of the property more than he wants to make money. It is also necessary to acquire the property at a significantly low price to be able to add your expenses in and still sell below market. Selling below market is the best way to sell quickly. If you depend on your selling skills to make the deals, you don't need to bother with the investment. You can just get a job as a salesman-work.

2. Buy it, Fix it, Sell it

The second way to make money buying and selling is to look for property that is broken, dirty, ugly, or in need of a missing part or repair. This is a great way to find a motivated seller and a good price. The owners of this kind of property would rather have a new one. If they were inclined to fix it, they'd have done so already. Know your market; know your costs. Allow a generous profit to cover your repairs, acquisition expenses, and potential selling expenses. Negotiate hard and don't be afraid of deadlock. It's your money, so be prepared to walk away from an offer if they won't meet the price you need. Sometimes all you need to do to get a property in pristine condition is to clean it.

3. Buy it, Rent it

A third way to make money over a longer period of time it is to buy and rent it out. Just about anything can be rented to others-tools, cars, camping equipment, boats, motorhomes, and of course, residential homes. An alternate to this same method is to invest in special equipment, use it and then sell the service the equipment provides. All of these ways are good ways to make money, but though they are buy and sell strategies beginning to end, in the interim, they are ongoing businesses-more work.

4. Buy for cash, sell on time

A fourth method is not so effective for inexpensive items, but boats, cars, trucks, and even big screen televisions can be bought at bargains with cash and then resold on terms with interest. People are often willing to pay very high prices if they can get it now and pay later.

Some people make unbelievable profits buying mobile homes for a few thousand and financing over time for tens of thousands. Often before the buyers have finished paying the notes, their financial status has improved enough that they can buy higher end property with conventional finance. When this happens, it is common to get the item back after it has nearly been paid for. Some mobile home resellers have sold and resold certain properties four or five times. Each time they nearly double their investment with the original down payment then collect the payments over time plus interest.

5. Buy and sell wholesale

If you have the ability to purchase in quantity and move quickly, you can locate sources that will bring you deals in bulk at prices so low you can sell wholesale and still make money. You can even buy homes in quantity and sell them to others for resale. Once you spread your name around, this can be very lucrative and happen very quickly.

6. Buy on speculation and sell on demand

When the market is hot, it is possible to buy when the item is first introduced at a lower price than what will be charged later. If you can spot these trends, you can make good money buying when first offered and selling after the item is sold out. In certain real estate markets you can order a new home before it is built and count on the price to go up after the neighborhood fills in. This is dangerous, but some people have made really good money doing just this.

7. Buy for others, sell back with fee added

Sometimes people do not want to do their own bargaining. Celebrities or people known to be very wealthy often allow scouts to buy for them. Sometimes the price goes up when the buyer is well known or very wealthy. The difference in price can be so great that it becomes profitable for a middle person to buy and resell to his principal for a fee.

There are millions of ways to buy and sell, but these are the basic seven ways to buy and sell. Everything else is some variation or combination of these seven. Buying and selling can be done in rising and falling markets. When the market is deteriorating the buyer has to buy drastically below market and move very rapidly to turn his investments. There is always a risk of losing money in any market. A person engaged in these tactics must be good negotiators on both the buy and the sell, and they must be flexible enough to take the losses quickly when they are inevitable to prevent even larger losses later.

How to Buy and Sell Things For Profit - Seven Ways
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Randy R Cox

If you have buying and selling skills, you can do well in good economies or bad. If you'd like to sharpen your buying and selling skills or share your ideas with us drop by for a visit.

Learn to make money and keep it at http://www.cash153.com

Salary Negotiation Tips to Bargain For Salary Increase

Do you have the feeling that your employer is continually taking advantage of you? It maybe the right time to plan for a salary negotiation if you feel that you're constantly contributing good value to your company and not getting the pay that you deserve. Effective negotiation helps to resolve situation like this and find solutions that are acceptable to both parties.

Most people are very uncomfortable discussing on the topic of salary increase. This kind of feeling is very common as we are all having fear of being rejected or worry to upset someone during the negotiation. To demand for the right salary that you deserve, you'll need to learn some negotiation fundamentals.

Asking for a salary increase has to begin with a strategic plan, and preparation is the key to be successful in any form of negotiation. You can get a pay increase even if your company is under salary freeze. Here are some effective salary negotiation tips and tactics you can use to fight your case without fear.

Salary Negotiation Tips to Bargain For Salary Increase

1) Assess the situation and know what to target for Before asking for a salary increase, you need to explore your company's policy on salary. Check out if there is any established range for your position. Find out if there are other people in your organization doing similar work, and how much they are being paid. If there is no constraint from the pay policy and you're indispensable, you should feel optimistic and confident with the salary negotiation.

You can bench mark "job search" web sites on the internet to determine how much other companies in the same industry are willing to pay for a comparable position. Different organization may use different job title for the same work. Therefore making comparison of the job scope maybe needed. Understanding the current market value for your position will determine how much you're worth. This allows you to set a figure in mind to shoot for during the salary negotiation session.

2) Be confident with the negotiation If you are a key person in your organization making good contribution, you are armed with bullets, and you can ask for more during the negotiation. Don't worry of losing the job. At the end of the negotiation session, you'll either get a salary increase or you'll figure out you're not in the right organization that can meet your salary expectation. You may want to start to explore other job opportunities.

3) What else besides monetary rewards you should negotiate The remuneration package needs to be evaluated as an overall deal. Don't leave out rewards such as share options, leave passage, pension plans, bonuses, subsidies, etc. The negotiation can be for a raise of any of these rewards. Other non monetary rewards you can demand are the medical coverage, insurance coverage, annual leave, flexible working hours and company car.

4) Draft a letter to request for a meeting on salary increase Never discuss you salary matter with the boss in an ad hoc manner such as after a meeting. If you want to get good result, write a formal letter to your boss by declaring your purpose and arrange suitable time for a discussion. If you're having difficulties to get started, you can seek professional help or refer to the proven pay raise letter examples for ideas on the appropriate format and contents.

5) Prepare a package to sell your contribution You need to package and sell your special skills, accomplishments and contributions for your job objectives, and not to forget to emphasize your special achievements.

6) Build good credibility and demonstrate your value The discussion will be very much smoother if you have built good credibility with the company. Holding the meeting at the right time, for example after delivering some good value to the company, will lower the resistance in getting approval for a salary increase. Attend the meeting with confidence and discuss the case as professional as possible. Personal needs such as "I require more money because of my eldest kid is going to college next year" should not be used as a reason to support the pay raise.

7) Ask smart questions and let the employer do the talking Ask intelligent open-ended questions and lure the employer to do the talking. Be a good listener and let the employer bring about giving you what you want. The employer always thinks that their decision is the best, and they strongly believe in it. Don't challenge their viewpoint, but make them convince your worth and get them to approve your raise.

8) Start negotiation by setting an aggressive goal One of the tactics often use in salary negotiation is to "demand for higher and compromise for lesser." Get the employer to make the first offer to you before you tell them your target. They may offer more than what you expect by surprise. If you've done your homework well on the pay range, you can set your target slightly higher then the upper range. Explain and justify why you're an outstanding employee.

9) Be prepared to move on for a better job If you can demonstrate to the employer that you are prepared to walk away should the negotiation fails, you have created tremendous power and pressure to make the employer compromises. Never show the employer that you are desperate for the job.

Conclusion The objective of a salary negotiation is to find solutions that are win-win for both parties. To ensure the negotiation is successful, you need to prepare all necessary information, learn negotiation tactics for effective bargaining and set up a face-to-face session to discuss the case professional. If you can show the employer that you are willing to move away, you will have more leverage on your bargaining. If you're not easily replaceable in your organization, you should feel confident with the negotiation. If you wish to learn more on salary negotiation tips and tactics, visit our website for more info on all aspects of career resources.

Salary Negotiation Tips to Bargain For Salary Increase
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Four Negotiation Styles

Although four generic negotiating styles can be identified, rarely does a person employ solely one style. People have a preference for a particular style and can exhibit elements of any of the others.

Each negotiating style has its pros and cons, and some aspects of each are at times needed in different situations.

The Bully Style

Four Negotiation Styles

An easily identifiable style is that of the bully. He is powerful, commands attention and has a high energy level. His modus operandi is to push for action, is usually loud, and is confrontational. He is totally insensitive to the feelings and needs of others, wanting to attain his own outcomes at all cost.

The advantages of this style are that he commands attention for a key point, and that negotiation can be brought to a rapid close.

Unfortunately, this style of negotiator will miss subtle points in the negotiation which could adversely affect the outcome, and has an: it is my way or the highway attitude.

Nonverbal characteristics of this type are an exaggerated posture of leaning forward, excessive use of pointing, and very direct eye contact.

This style is very limited in its usefulness, and certainly does not encourage a win/win outcome.

The Manipulator

Although not lacking in empathy as much as the Bully, the Manipulator still has a disregard for the feelings of others. He has a low level of energy, largely keeping a low outer profile, speaking in a careless-type of voice, almost condescending.

His modus operandi is to manipulate the other party to expose their weaknesses and get them to concede to his desired outcomes. He plays a cat and mouse game and is sly.

The Manipulator quickly draws attention to real threats that could affect an agreement, and can surreptitiously provoke debate.

On a negative side, he may distort information or bend the truth while exploiting the weaknesses of the other party.

Nonverbal characteristics include, slouching or leaning back with hands behind his head, and using fleeting eye movements as he surveys the group, both his team and the opponents.

The Confident Style

This is your people-person. He gives equal attention to the relationship of those present as he does to the issue under investigation. He exudes high energy and is always looking for better ways to have all parties work collaboratively.

He usually finds it easy to focus on the key points, and likes to openly discuss possible options. His negotiating style is flexible and he adapts it to the situation as required.

He will work at achieving a win/win situation at best and a compromise at worst. His voice is pleasant.

Although he wins people over, he can appear aggressive, and because of his enthusiasm, he may fail to listen properly.

His nonverbal characteristics include an erect or only slightly forward leaning posture whether sitting or standing, lots of hand movements, and good eye contact.

The Persuader

The negotiating style calms the meeting. This person has low energy and is even further on the continuum of a people-person.

His voice is calm and makes gentle suggestions when he speaks. His main interest is in making sure that everyone is happy and is getting, of least importance to him is the outcome.

This style is very useful when the negotiation has become heated to settle everyone, and it is also good for looking into some of the deeper issues.

A disadvantage of this negotiating style is that it can be regarded as insipid by the other side as the Persuader is not interested in reaching an outcome, enjoying the negotiation process for itself alone.

Nonverbal cues are a neutral posture, smiling face, good eye contact, attentive, and us of hands when talking and when thinking.

Can you identify yourself with one of these? Whose characteristics do you mostly demonstrate, the bully, the manipulator, the confident person, or the persuader?

Also assess people you know, where do they fit?

Next time you are in a negotiation situation be aware of yourself and the other party, every extra piece of information will assist you in getting your desired outcome.

Four Negotiation Styles
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Gloria M Hamilten is a recognized authority in disciplines within Personal Development and Corporate trainings, and in Neuro-Linguistic Programming.

She has her own training business, and conducts courses for Businesses, Sporting groups and Educational Institutions in Australia.

Her professional experience covers over 30 years of study, research, one-on-one coaching, group coaching, presentations and workshops. Her clientele includes children as well as adults.

Gloria is the author of the well-received eBook: "Hypnosis De-hyped."

Her website provide a wealth of informative articles and resources on everything within these genres. Visit her websites:

[http://www.connect4results.com]

http://neuro-linguistic-pro-site.com

This article may be freely reprinted or distributed in its entirety in any e-zine, newsletter, or website. The author's name, bio and website links must remain intact and be included with every reproduction.

Overcoming Communication Barriers Between People

When you send a message, you intend to communicate meaning, but the message itself doesn't contain meaning. The meaning exists in your mind and in the mind of your receiver. To understand one another, you and your receiver must share similar meanings for words, gestures, tone of voice, and other symbols.

1. Differences in perception

The world constantly bombards us with information: sights, sounds, scents, and so on. Our minds organize this stream of sensation into a mental map that represents our perception or reality. In no case is the perception of a certain person the same as the world itself, and no two maps are identical. As you view the world, your mind absorbs your experiences in a unique and personal way. Because your perceptions are unique, the ideas you want to express differ from other people's Even when two people have experienced the same event, their mental images of that event will not be identical. As senders, we choose the details that seem important and focus our attention on the most relevant and general, a process known as selective perception. As receivers, we try to fit new details into our existing pattern. If a detail doesn't quite fit, we are inclined to distort the information rather than rearrange the pattern.

Overcoming Communication Barriers Between People

2. Incorrect filtering

Filtering is screening out before a message is passed on to someone else. In business, the filters between you and your receiver are many; secretaries, assistants, receptionists, answering machines, etc. Those same gatekeepers may also 'translate' your receiver's ideas and responses before passing them on to you. To overcome filtering barriers, try to establish more than one communication channel, eliminate as many intermediaries as possible, and decrease distortion by condensing message information to the bare essentials.

3. Language problems

When you choose the words for your message, you signal that you are a member of a particular culture or subculture and that you know the code. The nature of your code imposes its own barriers on your message. Barriers also exist because words can be interpreted in more than one way. Language is an arbitrary code that depends on shared definitions, but there's a limit to how completely any of us share the same meaning for a given word. To overcome language barriers, use the most specific and accurate words possible. Always try to use words your audience will understand. Increase the accuracy of your messages by using language that describes rather than evaluates and by presenting observable facts, events, and circumstances.

4. Poor listening

Perhaps the most common barrier to reception is simply a lack of attention on the receiver's part. We all let our minds wander now and then, regardless of how hard we try to concentrate. People are essentially likely to drift off when they are forced to listen to information that is difficult to understand or that has little direct bearing on their own lives. Too few of us simply do not listen well! To overcome barriers, paraphrase what you have understood, try to view the situation through the eyes of other speakers and resist jumping to conclusions. Clarify meaning by asking non-threatening questions, and listen without interrupting.

5. Differing emotional states

Every message contains both a content meaning, which deals with the subject of the message, and a relationship meaning, which suggests the nature of the interaction between sender and receiver. Communication can break down when the receiver reacts negatively to either of these meanings. You may have to deal with people when they are upset or when you are. An upset person tends to ignore or distort what the other person is saying and is often unable to present feelings and ideas effectively. This is not to say that you should avoid all communication when you are emotionally involved, but you should be alert to the greater potential for misunderstanding that accompanies aroused emotions. To overcome emotional barriers, be aware of the feelings that arise in your self and in others as you communicate, and attempt to control them. Most important, be alert to the greater potential for misunderstanding that accompanies emotional messages.

6. Differing backgrounds

Differences in background can be one of the hardest communication barriers to overcome. Age, education, gender, social status, economic position, cultural background, temperament, health, beauty, popularity, religion, political belief, even a passing mood can all separate one person from another and make understanding difficult. To overcome the barriers associated with differing backgrounds, avoid projecting your own background or culture onto others. Clarify your own and understand the background of others, spheres of knowledge, personalities and perceptions and don't assume that certain behaviors mean the same thing to everyone.

If you would like to get custom-made advice about your communication problems, please feel free to email me at martinmim21@hotmail.com All requests will be handled professionally and your communication problem will be handled in strict confidence.

Overcoming Communication Barriers Between People
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Martin Hahn Ph.D. is an industrial sociologist with more than 20 years experience in teaching, management consulting, and corporate training. The above article is an excerpt from the ebook titled 'Overcoming Communication Barriers between People and in Organizations'. His ebook on communication can be purchased at http://www.martinimhahn.com